Sosyologca, Year 2022 Issue 23

The Relationship Between The Concepts Of Identity, Ethnity And Nationalism As A Type Of Belonging

Fethi NAS — 2024-08-29

Belonging literally means being the same or similar. For this reason, the concept of belonging arises when the sameness or similarities are evident. Although this may seem simple, it is actually more complex in practice. Because the similar characteristics of individuals and groups are quite diverse and it is very difficult to determine this diversity by a single criteria. From this point of view, any classification that can be made about individuals and groups requires clearly knowing the rationale, conditions and instrumental characteristics of this classification. Therefore, the formation of belonging categories is related to social reality, which depicts the bonds between the subject's position and power relations. All people are equipped with physiological characteristics that enable them to be recognized and determine the behaviors and attitudes towards them from the moment they open their eyes to life, but these characteristics alone do not determine the whole belonging of the human being, as a social being. In addition to the physiological characteristics, people have the opportunity to become a member of new forms of belonging with the effect of the social and natural environment that determines the context. The study focuses on the concepts of identity, ethnicity and nation as three closely related types of belonging. The formation processes of these concepts and the factors that determine their becoming a human association are discussed. In addition, the content of the semantic world of these concepts, which changes according to the context, is mentioned. It is emphasized that this content is not stable and durable, on the contrary, it is extremely dynamic and variable. Therefore, it is thought that the concepts of identity, ethnicity and nation are taking new forms in the time and especially in today's world, and understanding these new forms will be useful in solving possible problems in social life.

Assessments on “The Problem of Periodizing the History of Islam with the Western Mentality”

MERT AĞAOĞLU — 2024-08-29

The article written by Mustafa Demirci, titled "The Problem of Periodization of the History of Islam", focuses on the problematic of dividing into periods in Islamic History, which is an important field for Medieval History. The purpose of the author in writing the aforementioned research is to carry out studies from the perspective of the Western mentality without producing new theories and concepts in the existing historical literature. For this reason, the author, stating that it is necessary to carry out a new periodization activity in the History of Islam, emphasizes that a new periodization of Islamic History should be created by making use of the previously revealed periodizations. Study consists of the presentation, analysis and evaluation of the aforementioned article.

Contemporary Sociology And Art-Literature Discussions: On The Relationship Of The Uncertainty Of Social Change And Anti-Hero Ideology

Ertan EğribelYüksel Yıldırım — 2024-08-29

In the globalizing world, there is a lot of reference to the concept of change. It is emphasized that change and transformation liberate human life. It is thought that in order to be liberated, we have to break from our own ropes. However, it is debatable to what extent this is possible in the given order. The new understanding of order, which promises emancipation, is an obstacle to emancipation. While the authoritarian and conservative system promises freedom, it also keeps an iron fist ready for freedom to come true. In this study, a critical view of the anti-freedom attitudes of the new order that emphasizes freedom will be displayed. The authoritarian and conservative attitude of the new order will be examined.

Absolutization and Exclusion of the World Order: Anti-Socialization and Lumpen Anti-Hero Identity

Ertan Eğribel — 2024-08-29

There is a period in which socialization has disappeared. The West wants to block the society and socialization in order to protect its own superiority. He says that class and status, which are the basic elements of society, have disappeared. With the promise of freedom, he shows the crowds as an example of anti-socialization. It demands that the crowds dissolve themselves by moving away from being a society. It wants to impose an individualist mentality that is open to all kinds of influence by breaking the power of the society. In this study, lumpen anti-hero identity and anti-socialization, which aim to destroy society, will be examined.

Disappearance of the Historical Subject and Anti-Hero Ideology: Bon, Jackal and Populist Authoritarian Personality Types

Ertan Eğribel — 2024-08-29

Today's world is making attempts to distance the individual from society. It strives for the individual to be isolated from society and to be alone and alone. It reinforces this through anti-heroes. The anti-heroes presented are remote and disconnected from society. In this way, it is aimed that the individual ignores social inequality by breaking away from society. The inequalities in the society are tried to be ignored by eliminating the concept of society. In this study, a critical view of social inequalities was displayed through anti-heroes.

Reading “The Problematic of Women” In Iran Through a Sports Movie: “Off Side”

Mert Kerem Zelyurt — 2024-08-29

In this study, an analysis was made on the movie "Off Side", which focuses on the relationship between women and football in Iran. Gender inequality in Iran, the representation and status of women in the stadium as a type of public space are analyzed based on the social facts reflected in various scenes of the film. As in some films of the director Cafer Penahi, the limited rights and subordinate position of women are problematized in this film. Despite the fact that women are not allowed to watch the match in the stadium after the Islamic revolution, the social problems of six young girls who were illegally disguised as men and detained in the Iran-Bahrain match to be played at the Azadi Stadium are dominant in the film's scenes. The narrow space where the girls are kept under surveillance in the stadium; It is a metaphor of confinement and prison that reflects the public position and narrowed life of women in Iran. The discourse based on the "brother, father, husband" trilogy is the leitmotif in the film's scenes. The patriarchal mentality of the political authority and traditional social order is discussed through the detention area, the stadium toilet and the official vehicle that takes the young girls. The thesis that men are also victims of sexist power relations and traditional authority in Iran is processed through the behavior of young soldiers. Football as a mass activity reflecting the contradictions and sexist divisions in society; it is also a field of resistance, entertainment and social integration.

The Power of the Bullshit: It's Not Just the Screens, It's Transforming Our Lives, Too

Adem Sağır — 2024-08-29

In this study, Ahmet Talimciler's book called "The Power of Nonsense" is discussed. The book, which is a work in the nature of recording Turkey's recent agenda, is remarkable in terms of conveying social events by integrating with sociological knowledge. It is thought that it is important to introduce the work, which describes a daily life transformed by the media and accompanied by the social sphere, to current readers and potential readers in the future.

INSTRUCTION OF ÇORUM GOVERNORSHIP OF 1927 CONCERNS LAW FOR THE PROHIBITION OF EXTRAVAGANCES AT WEDDINGS OF 1920

Dursun Ayan — 2024-08-29

It is known that different legal regulations have been made in the history of the Turkish family. These regulations are not only important in terms of family and legal history, but also in terms of finance and political history. Law for the Prohibition of Extravagances at Weddings and the relevant instructions draw attention in this respect. Here, the text of this law and the relevant Instruction text published by the Governorship of Çorum will be given in Latin letters with a brief introduction and explanation. This study is therefore a document transliteration of two short texts, not one article, although it contains a few small comments. Law for the Prohibition of Extravagances at Weddings was discussed at the General Assembly on [25 November 1920] and entered into force after being published in Ceride-i Resmiye on 28 March 1921. Regarding this law, the Governorship of Çorum issued an Instruction (Talimatname) dated [January 1927]. With the abolishment of the Law for the Prohibition of Extravagances at Weddings on September 20, 1966, with the decision of the Constitutional Court, this Instruction was no longer valid. This law was drafted on the grounds that excessive wedding expenses would prevent young people from getting married and increasing the population. For this reason, the law in question draws attention in terms of the social policies of the early period of Turkish Republic.

Assessments on the Scientific Method Developed by Doğan Ergun

Berat Dağ — 2024-08-29

Doğan Ergun has built an important intellectual position by presenting a long-term, in-depth and holistic approach to the development of a local and original dialectical method in Turkish thought. The intellectual position built by Doğan Ergun is complemented by the historical and social analyzes he developed based on this indigenous and original method. In this context, according to Doğan Ergun, it can be stated that Turkey, as a unique example of Eastern civilized culture, has a social structure and relations based on the integrity of the autonomous individual and public economy/statism, depending on its historicity, which is the result of continuous, multifaceted and complex interactions. Therefore, for Ergun, it is necessary to focus on this unique historical and social basis, which is addressed against the total alienation of Turkish society caused by the Westernization process. This study evaluates Doğan Ergun's intellectual position, which is described as superficial, in a comparative way and discusses the place of this position in the developing world of thought in the West and Turkey.

The Effects of White Russians who immigrated to Istanbul after the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution on Entertainment Culture: Maksim Casino

Damla Altuncu — 2024-08-29

In 1917, a political change called the October Revolution, the Russian Revolution and/or the Great October Socialist Revolution took place under the leadership of Lenin, against the economic-based injustice in the ideological social structure in Russia. As a result of the 'Bolshevik Revolution', which was given various names, many 'White Russians' of aristocratic origin, who were against the revolution, had to immigrate from Russia to Istanbul. This forced migration experienced its most intense period between 1919-1921. During this period, over 150,000 Belarusian refugees were settled in various cities, primarily in occupied Istanbul. This social mobility caused by the White Russians, who brought social, cultural and economic innovations to the places where they were settled, had important effects on Turkey's social and cultural westernization before the establishment of Modern Turkey. It is possible to read the concrete effects of the White Russians, who are known to have contributed in different areas to the social, cultural and economic dimensions of daily life in Istanbul, on the Ottoman society through various documents from the period. Therefore, in the study; Examining the effects of the White Russians escaping from the Bolshevik Revolution on the entertainment culture of Istanbul, in the axis of the westernization activities of the Ottoman Empire, in the "Maksim Casino" has been chosen as the subject. In the study, in which the case study method was preferred, one of the qualitative research methods, the process of establishing the Maksim Casino in Taksim of black-born Frederick Bruce Thomas (Fyodor Fyodorovich Tomas), one of the Russian immigrants who came to Istanbul after the Bolshevik Revolution, is a type of case study. It was researched with the historical organization method. In the study, document scanning method was preferred in monographic sampling as a data collection tool. In line with this preference, images and documents belonging to the period were tried to be obtained by scanning various internet-based databases.

Authority, Domination, and Evil

İshak Koç — 2024-08-29

Evil has always existed. Evil exists in the inner world of man. However, thanks to cultural elements, this evil could be suppressed. What really matters is the evil committed under authority. It is evil that leads to domination. Evil continues with domination. It maintains its own existence by taking advantage of the authority vacuum and authority. This type of evil needs to be explained and understood. This study focused on this issue.

A Re-evaluation of Social Value and Norm Concepts in Sociology

Ufuk Özcan — 2024-08-29

Along with the concepts of belief, ethics and aesthetics, social values and traditions have been the subject of axiology as a special field of philosophy for nearly two thousand and five hundred years. Axiology, a branch of philosophy, is an inquiry into the measure of value. Philosophers who developed systematic views in the field of axiology focused more on ethical and aesthetic values, and two related sub-branches of philosophy developed from this pursuit. Despite the attempts to break away from philosophy and metaphysics during the emergence and development of sociology as an independent discipline in the 19th century, these issues were not ignored by the founding sociologists. Social values and norms are an important topic of discussion and research among the founders of classical sociology. Subjects such as religion, ethics, moral education, the role of values and norms in social life, depreciation, irregularity and deviation from the norm (crime) behavior have been of special interest to sociologists such as Durkheim and Weber and Töennies. The shaking and erosion of values and norms, which occupy an indispensable place in social life, in the face of the rapid transformations of the modernization process have led many social scientists to think comparatively on traditional and modern values and norms. In this study, the concepts of social value and norm are discussed in certain aspects in the axis of certain sociological theories and new developments of the age.

Pre-Modern Anti-Hero Types: Hasan Sabbah and Don Don Quixote

Yüksel Yıldırım — 2024-08-29

The concept of anti-hero, which is put forward as a product of literature, is also considered as a sociological reality. In this study, first the framework of the concepts of hero and anti-hero is drawn, then the images of these concepts in Western history are briefly explained and the meaning of the anti-hero character in the postmodern period is revealed. The concept of hero is defined as a transformative type of society, and the concept of anti-hero in the context of its contradiction with transformation. After exemplifying the images of the hero concept in the ancient and then the feudal period, its reflection in the framework of the New Age and post-modern relations is explained, and then the relationship between the postmodern period and the anti-hero is revealed in an insurmountable and impenetrable order, with its attitude towards this order. In the next section, Hasan Sabbah and Don Quixote, which constitute the main theme of the article, are tried to be analyzed in the context of anti-hero type. Hasan Sabbah's relationship with Iranian politics and tradition and his attitude towards the existing order, and Don Quixote's advocacy of a transcended order have been emphasized and analyzed under the concept of anti-hero.

Istanbul and East-West Problem in Orhan Pamuk's Novels

Nur Balcıoğlu — 2024-08-29

In Turkish literature, the novel emerged with Westernization. This subject, which is at the center of social sciences, is examined through novels within the study. Political, social and cultural transformations due to historical processes change the artists' view of the issue. According to each author's own literary and intellectual principles, this situation differs. Today, one of the important representatives of this difference is Orhan Pamuk. In some of Orhan Pamuk's novels written with a postmodern understanding, the essence of his approach to the East-West problem is shaped. The emphasis placed on the value that Pamuk gave to Istanbul in his works based on his own life in his literary life is the source of the effort to explain that Istanbul is very important in his novelism.

Category Of LGBT Stories in Netflix in Creating The Social Construction Of The New Normal Through Uludağ Dictionary

Tuğçe Nur ÇelikYıldız Çelik — 2024-08-29

Netflix, the most widely used digital viewing platform, contains a diversity of post-modern society features and is a platform that has taken on the role of preserving this diversity. When we look at the latest updates of Netflix, which increases the number of its members day by day, it is seen that it addresses the so-called disadvantaged segments of society (LGBT individuals, Criminals, etc.) and they bring these segments to the forefront. As a final step in this regard, Netflix has opened a collection of films and series under the name of "LGBTQ Stories", and it is seen that it aims to protect its own capitalist interests regardless of LGBT movements and to impose new normals on all societies it addresses. In this study, the effect of categorizing LGBT content under the name of LGBTQ on the Netflix platform on the heterosexual society was examined, and while doing so, the reaction of the authors of Uludağ Sözlük, a digital platform, to LGBTQ content on Netflix was categorized and revealed with Discourse Analysis. These categories are divided into "those who regard LGBT discourses as normal", "those who find LGBT discourses excessive" and "neutral", respectively. The data obtained from these categories are as follows; Those who "consider LGBT discourses normal" constitute 20%, "those who find LGBT discourses excessive" constitute 47% and "neutrals" constitute 33%.

Patch Identity of Istanbul Beyoğlu After 1980/90: Devaluation and Representation Problem Due to the Crisis of the State and Society

Ertan EğribelMeryem Demir — 2024-08-29

The world has entered a rapid change process especially since the 1980s. The foundations of today's world situation were laid in the 1980s. The importance of cities has come to the fore in the globalization and post-modern era. The force, direction and driving force of change emerged in cities. Istanbul has a privileged importance in this period when cities come to the fore. The streets of Istanbul have been the medium where the crises were seen and the wishes were expressed. In this study, the change and transformation processes in Istanbul's Beyoğlu district will be discussed.